Flora Thomas McCaig (1856–1933) was an American painter celebrated for her depictions of animals, rural life, and portraiture. Born on September 7, 1856 in Royalton, New York, she pursued formal training at the prestigious Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in Philadelphia, an institution known for its rigorous academic program and distinguished alumni. During her early career she exhibited widely: from the New York Water Club Club in 1898 to multiple shows at the Buffalo Fine Arts Academy in 1906 and 1914, as well as at the Pennsylvania Academy itself.

At the turn of the 20th century, McCaig lived and worked in several regions of the United States including Beverly, West Virginia, and Buffalo, New York before moving from Chicago to Southern California around 1919. Settling in Pasadena and later residing in Flintridge, she continued to paint and exhibit through the 1920s, including at Cannell & Chaffin Galleries in Los Angeles and with the Hollywood Art Association. Her works were held in public venues such as the Women’s University Club and the Genesee Hotel in Buffalo, reflecting both her commercial success and her recognition within American art circles of her time. McCaig remained active in her adopted California art community until her death on March 28, 1933.